Title: The Evolutionary Arms Race Between Toxic Cane Toads and Their Predators In an intriguing twist of nature’s survival game, toxic cane toads have long relied on their cardiotonic steroids as a defense mechanism against potential predators. These chemicals, when ingested by other animals, can cause heart attacks or even death. However, the natural world is full of surprises and adaptations, and some species have evolved ways to counteract these toxic substances without suffering any ill effects. Evolutionary biologist Shabnam Mohammadi has dedicated her career to studying how predators develop such adaptations. She explains that humans too have harnessed the power of cardiotonic steroids for medical purposes since ancient Egypt, with some versions still being prescribed today for treating congestive heart failure. The existence of these toxic cane toads and their adversaries engaged in an evolutionary arms race highlights a fascinating aspect of nature’s ongoing battle between predator and prey. It also serves as a reminder that even seemingly invincible defenses may eventually be overcome by the relentless forces of natural selection. From a historical perspective, this phenomenon has been observed throughout history with various species developing resistance or immunity to certain toxins over time. In modern times, it raises questions about how we can apply these principles in fields like medicine and biotechnology. Could understanding the mechanisms behind such adaptations help us develop new treatments for diseases? As a scientist, I find this ongoing struggle between toxic creatures and their predators both fascinating and humbling. It reminds me that no matter how powerful or seemingly invincible something may appear, there is always room for change and adaptation in nature’s grand design. As we continue to learn more about these processes, perhaps we can harness them not only for our own survival but also for the betterment of all living things on this planet.
Source: [Original Article](https://www.npr.org/2025/08/19/nx-s1-5500216/cardiotonic-steroid-toxic-poison-heart-attack)
#toxicity
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